Soil Management in Indigenous Agroforestry Systems of Guarana (Paullinia cupana Kunth) of the Sateré-Mawé Ethnic Group, in the Lower Amazon River Region

The Sateré-Mawé Brazilian indigenous people cultivate the guarana liana in biodiverse agroforests that incorporate many species, mainly trees, and produce food, medicines, fuel income. objective of this study was to evaluate soil fertility nineteen agroforestry systems (AFSs) compared with areas adjacent forests Andirá–Marau Indigenous Land—an ancestral territory people. Soils both locations showed low natural fertility, levels most macronutrients below minimum agronomic reference levels. Higher C organic matter (SOM) content observed forest soils may be related greater vegetation cover higher litter production. However, maintenance average nutrients AFSs, at same level as under forests, suggests efficient nutrient cycling is taking place. In these conditions, management seems essential maintain productivity AFSs since C, SOM N were not considered those other attributes evaluated. high tree diversity agroforests, including N-fixing also contribute food web. results suggest addition limestone, green manure practices reincorporation residues from processing, among sources, can a low-cost alternative improve increase production AFS study.